柴油机微粒过滤体内部温度梯度的数值模拟

基于一维非稳态模型,在最优的流量条件下,研究了在无颗粒层时,过滤体参数(孔目数(CPSI)、壁面厚度δw、过滤体长度L、导热系数λ)和再生条件(再生持续期td、最高再生温度Tmax)对过滤体再生时壁面温度梯度(dT/dx)的影响.研究结果表明:随着CPSI的增加,壁面温度梯度极值((d T/dx)max)逐渐增加；壁面厚度δw对温度梯度有显著影响,当δw＜0.3 mm时,(dT/dx)max随δw的增大而减小,且变化显著,而当δw≥0.3 mm时,(dT/dx)max随δw的变化趋于平坦；随过滤体长度L的增加,(dT/dx)max显著下降；当λ＜1.0 W·(m·K)-1时,(dT/dx)max随λ的增大而减小且变化显著,而当λ≥1.0W· (m· K)-1时,随λ的增大(dT/dx)max接近于线性减小；随再生持续期td和最高再生温度Tmax的增大,(dT/dx)max逐渐增大.     

提高党的执政能力探析

党的执政能力建设是党的一项根本建设,关系到党和国家事业的兴旺以及中华民族的伟大复兴,加强党的监督、完善党的监督机制是提高党的执政能力建设的根本要求,加强党内民主、完善民主机制是提高党的执政能力的关键,提高党的科学执政、民主执政和依法执政水平是提高党的执政能力建设的根本。     

Calculation of angular glint in near field utilizing graphical electromagnetic computing

The angular glint in the near field plays an important role on radar tracking errors. To predict it more efficiently for electrically large targets, a new method based on graphical electromagnetic computing （GRECO） is proposed. With the benefit of the graphic card, the GRECO prediction method is faster and more accurate than other methods. The proposed method at the first time considers the special case that the targets cannot be completely covered by radar beams, which makes the prediction of radar tracking errors more self-contained in practical circumstances. On the other hand, the process of the scattering center extraction is omitted, resulting in possible angular glint prediction in real time. Comparisons between the simulation results and the theoretical ones validate its correctness and value to academic research and engineering applications.     

Irrigation-induced pollution of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in paddy field ecosystem of Liaohe River Plain, China

In order to assess the influence of long-term irrigation of polluted river water on the ecological health of the rice fields in the low reach of Liaohe River Plain,a series of environmental samples and biological samples in rice fields,including sediments,paddy soils,mitten-handed crabs(Eriocheir sinensis),loaches(Misgurnus anguillicaudatu) and frog(Hoplobatrachus tigerinus),were collected from the area far away from industrial zones,and polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides(HCH,DDT,HCB and Mirex) were analyzed by high resolution gas chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry(HRGC/HRMS).The comparison of pollutant concentrations and profiles verified that the significant contribution of river water irrigation to PCBs contaminations in paddy soils and the mutual influence of organochlorine pesticide contamination between river sediments and paddy soils.Bioaccumulations of PCBs and organochlorine pesticides in mitten-handed crabs and loaches were site-specific,suggested that they were both the good indicators of ecosystem health.Mitten-handed crabs had the highest capacity to accumulate PCBs and organochlorine pesticides,and also they had the strong ability to degrade these pollutants in their bodies,especially for DDT and HCH.The biota-soil accumulation factors(BSAF) of ΣH CH,ΣDDT,Mirex,HCB and ΣP CBs in mitten-handed crab were calculated to be 24.5,15.3,122.2,28.1 and 54.6,respectively.In view of the strong bioaccumulation ability,the health risk should be concerned for the cultivation of mitten-handed crabs in paddy fields in the low reach of Liaohe River Plain.     

New cooperative frequency domain differential modulation and demodulation

An innovative method of cooperative frequency domain differential modulation and demodulation is presented.This method applies the prior knowledge of channel propagation to selecting the variable differential length and carrying out frequency domain modulation.This strategy optimizes the design of system parameters to effectively improve the anti-interference ability of the differential system in time-varied multipath channel circumstance without making the execution more complicating.The simulations and comparisons demonstrate the proposed method is effective,and the results show that it is especially suitable for the fading channel with strong propagation and fast time-variation.     

Development of NiTiNb in-situ composite with high damping capacity and high yield strength

The shape memory alloys are well known to exhibit high damping capacity in martensite state,but possess low yield strength because of the reorientation or de-twining of the martensite variants.The high damping mechanism of shape memory alloys was introduced.The NiTiNb alloys with high yield strength and high damping capacity were designed and prepared.The microstructure evolution,martensitic transformation behavior,damping capacity and mechanical properties of series NiTiNb alloys were investigated.In vi...     

高管变更与公司绩效的关系——对股权分置前国有上市公司的实证分析

股权分置改革是解决中国股市非流通股流通问题的一项重要制度改革,为中国内地资本市场所特有。股权分置改革之前,在一股独大的国有企业中,高管变更概率与公司绩效显著负相关;在非一股独大的国有企业中,高管变更概率与公司绩效显著正相关。     

PA误差下的半参数回归模型估计的矩相合性

在误差为正相协(PA)序列情形下,利用最小二乘法和一般非参数统计方法,在适当的条件下,证明了半参数回归模型估计量具有矩相合性.     

基于GIS方法的公路客运枢纽选址分析

城市公路客运枢纽的科学选址已成为城市总体规划和交通规划中不容忽视的重要环节，基于GIS分析方法，在考虑选址规划区域内存在地理阻断和路网运输服务水平的情况下，对一般的连续型选址模型进行修正，得到非连续型的阻抗函数，并通过成本费用最小化模拟分析客运枢纽的最优选址。     

Mutations in NMNAT1 cause Leber congenital amaurosis and identify a new disease pathway for retinal degeneration

Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) is a blinding retinal disease that presents within the first year after birth. Using exome sequencing, we identified mutations in the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) synthase gene NMNAT1 encoding nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 1 in eight families with LCA, including the family in which LCA was originally linked to the LCA9 locus. Notably, all individuals with NMNAT1 mutations also have macular colobomas, which are severe degenerative entities of the central retina (fovea) devoid of tissue and photoreceptors. Functional assays of the proteins encoded by the mutant alleles identified in our study showed that the mutations reduce the enzymatic activity of NMNAT1 in NAD biosynthesis and affect protein folding. Of note, recent characterization of the slow Wallerian degeneration (Wld(s)) mouse model, in which prolonged axonal survival after injury is observed, identified NMNAT1 as a neuroprotective protein when ectopically expressed. Our findings identify a new disease mechanism underlying LCA and provide the first link between endogenous NMNAT1 dysfunction and a human nervous system disorder.